076 istoria bolgarskaja I - sьbranie istoričeskoe 703f
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| 1: | [===] сьбрáнїе ҆и́стори́ческое ҆ѡ наро́де ҆и ҆ѡ | Zogr. 43 (6r): Sъbranie istoričeskoe o narodě bolgarstemъ |
| цр҃е бол͛гар͛стем | In this chapter, car is translated as 'emperor', as Paisius (and most of CS literature) did not make a difference between gr. basileus and kaisar, which is, of course, an important political statement of his work - that Greek and Bulgarian emperors were equals by rank. | |
| 2: | Испрь́ва ѿ кꙋдꙋ произишлѝ | |
| 3: | поне́же прилꙋчи́ се нáмь мно́го крáть прочитáти разли́чнїи ҆исторїй рꙋкопи́сни ҆и | |
| печáтни что иззвади́ли рꙋс҆ꙗ́ ҆и москов͛ци ҆ѡсобно ради славен͛скаго ҆ꙗ́зи́ка ҆и наро́да | Zogr. 43: štambi | |
| 4: | ѿ кꙋдꙋ пове́ли своѐ пле́ме | |
| 5: | ҆и на после́докь како се ѿдели́ли ѿ нихь бль́гаре ҆и при́шли́ ҆и васели́ли се ва землю сїю бол͛гар͛скою, | |
| 6: | чтѝ чи̇тáтелю | |
| 7: | ҆и разꙋме́й, | |
| 8: | [поими сїе ѡ но́е] | |
| 9: | Коги пото́пи бг҃ь при ною весь род чл҃вечески тькмо бехꙋ ҆ѡстáли, ѿ пото́па ҆ѡсмь дш҃и но҆ꙗ́ ҆и три синове него́ви си́мь ҆и хáмь ҆и ҆афе́ть ҆и четири женѝ ни́х͛ни | |
| 10: | видѐ но҆ꙗ защо̀ поги́бе на земли свь́ ро́дь чл҃ве́чески | |
| 11: | ҆и проразꙋме защо̀ ѿ него́во се́ме ҆и рода хо́щеть бг҃ь напльни́ти зе́млю | |
| 12: | ҆и зарадвáл се, бе́ше ҆ꙗ́ко защо̀ хо́шеть ҆ѡстáти слáвна пáметь ҆его нá земли до́ века, | |
| 13: | Призвáль три си́нове сво́й си́ма хáма ҆и ҆афета | |
| 14: | ҆и раздели́ль ҆имь на трѝ де́лове свꙋ зе́млю да знáють, ко́й каде щѐ да дрьжѝ коги се ꙋмножꙋть ни́х͛ни си́нове ҆и ꙋнꙋци на земли ҆и ѡни да знáють ко́й на ко҆ꙗ́ стрáна да се нáсе́ли | |
| 15: | си́мꙋ прьвомꙋ си́нꙋ, свое́мꙋ заповедà да се насе́ли с него́во пле́ме на прьвїꙗ дель ва зе́млю ҆áзи́ю | |
| 16: | то беше восточна зем͛лꙗ | |
| 17: | на не҆ꙗ́ сто́йть р҆áй ҆и еде́мь ҆и ерꙋсалим | |
| 18: | ҆и | |
| дрьжи до спроти цр҃игрáдь .:. | Thus in Zogr. 43 too. | |
| 19: | хамꙋ второмꙋ синꙋ заповедà да се́ насе́ли на ҆áври́ка | |
| 20: | то е ҆ю́жна стрáна земли | |
| 21: | на не҆ꙗ́ сто́йть ҆еги́петь ҆и | |
| френ͛ски́ наро́дь, | Thus in Zogr. 43 too, although France expanded to Africa first in 19th century. | |
| 22: | ҆и афе́тꙋ третомꙋ си́нꙋ своемꙋ заповедà да се насе́ли на евро́на | |
| 23: | то е зáпадна ҆и полꙋ́нощна зем͛лꙗ | |
| 24: | на не҆ꙗ́ сто́йть бечь ри́мь бран͛дибꙋр ҆и весь славен͛ски наро́дь | |
| 25: | тако заповеда но҆ꙗ́ на си́нове сво́й | |
| 26: | ҆и разделѝ ҆имь на трѝ де́лове зе́млю | |
| 27: | ҆и ҆ѡставѝ ҆имь заповедь креп͛кꙋ да не бѝ престꙋпили заповедь ҆с́инове ҆е́го | |
| 28: | когѝ пре҆идоша ѿ пото́па ·фкѳ· ле́та тогива се ꙋмно́жихꙋ си́нове ҆и ꙋнꙋци си́-мови ҆и хамови ҆и афе́тови | |
| 29: | ҆и дꙋмали | Zogr. 43: i glagolali edinъ jazikъ |
| сꙋ сви́ те ҆е́динь ҆ꙗ́зи́кь | No auxilla in Zogr. 43! | |
| 30: | ҆и станꙋль, ҆е́ди́нь чл҃ве́кь ҆име мꙋ било невроть, ѿ пле́мене хáмово | |
| 31: | ҆и ѡнь би́ль мꙋ-дрь звездоче́тець | |
| 32: | ҆и нáй силень би́ль ва ҆ѡнова вре́ме ѿ свѝ чл҃ве́ци на землѝ | |
| 33: | ҆о́нь би́ль прь́ви | |
| мч҃итель на земли | Zogr. 43: c-rъ i mučitelъ | |
| 34: | ҆ѡнь | |
| заградил вавило́нь грáдь | Zogr. 43: sagradilъ | |
| 35: | ҆и цр҃ьствꙋвáль ва не́го | |
| 36: | ҆ѡнь | |
| поче́ль да прáви сребро̀ ҆и злато на парѝ ҆и на гроше́ве | < CS počęlъ ? | |
| 37: | ҆ѡнь поче́ль во́йскꙋ да ди́га | |
| 38: | ҆ѡнь почел зло̀ нá земли твори́ти | |
| 39: | то́й бг҃опроти́вень невро́ть призовáль чл҃ве́ци, що би́ли нá земли | |
| 40: | ҆и рекль ҆имь | |
| 41: | да загр҆áдїме се́бе стль́пь на зе́мли | |
| 42: | да ѐ висо́кь до нб҃са | |
| 43: | ҆áко бꙋ́де пáки пото́пь ҆или ҆о́гнь на зе́мли да не мо́жеть бг҃ь да нѝ погꙋ́бить | |
| кáто какво̀ погꙋбѝ прьви чл҃веци нá земли | Zogr. 43: kako što | |
| 44: | тако́й мисли́ль, бг҃опроти́вни невро́ть | |
| 45: | ҆и послꙋшáли го свѝ чл҃ве́ци | |
| 46: | ҆и загради́ли стль́пь | |
| 47: | ҆и трꙋ-ди́ли се, за, ·м· ле́та | |
| 48: | ҆и зазидáли го висо́ко до ҆ѡблаци, | |
| 49: | ҆едни падáли ѿ си́лень ветрь | |
| 50: | ҆и прибивали́ се | |
| 51: | ҆á дрꙋги ѿ сльнце ҆и ѿ зима ꙋмирáли | |
| 52: | ҆и падаль ҆ѡ́нáй граде́жь ѿ ве́трь | |
| 53: | ҆и безь чи́сла чл҃веци погинáли на ҆ѡно́ва ме́сто | |
| 54: | ҆á невроть не престáнꙋль ѿ своѐ ѕло̀ нáвикнове́нїе | |
| 55: | ҆и сакáль да зи́да ҆ѡни стль́пь до нб҃са | |
| 56: | но бг҃ь мл͒рьди виде́ль безь҆ꙋмие ҆и прель́сть чл҃веческа какво́ се трꙋди залꙋдꙋ | |
| 57: | ҆и забрани́ль ҆имь бг҃ь да се не проти́вать ҆и да се не пре́льщáють | |
| 58: | ҆и свѐ тамо ҆имь раздели бг҃ь ҆ꙗ́зи́ци | |
| 59: | ҆и ҆ѡнай прь́ви ҆ꙗ́зикь свѝ забꙋвари́ша ҆еди́нь дрꙋгомꙋ що гово́рить | |
| 60: | збрькáхꙋ се | |
| 61: | ҆и ҆ѡстави́хꙋ ҆ѡн҆ꙗ́ стль́пь да не прáвать | Zogr. 43: i ostavili oni stlpъ delati |
| 62: | ҆и раздели́ли се ҆ези́ци | |
| 63: | на си́мово пле́ме ·ке· | |
| 64: | на хамово пле́ме ·лв· ҆е́зи́ци | |
| 65: | товà хáмово пле́ме прокле́ль но҆ꙗ́ ҆о́ц҃ь хáмовь | |
| 66: | ҆ѡ́но се нáй мло́го било̀ ꙋмложи́ло | |
| 67: | ѿ не́гѡ́ нàй мрь́сни ро́дове ҆и ези́ци про҆изи-шлѝ | |
| 68: | ҆и афетово пле́ме раздели́ло се на ·еı· ҆ези́ци | |
| 69: | ҆и тако сáсь бж҃иемь повеленїемь пошло си́мово племе | |
| 70: | ҆и ҆ѡстáло н҆á ѡзию | |
| 71: | х҆амово пле́ме ҆ѡстáло на ҆африкїю | |
| 72: | но мно́го билѝ ҆ѡстáли, на ҆ѡ́зию | |
| 73: | ҆и ꙋмно́жили се нá ·лз· цр͒тва, | |
| 74: | по́сле потреби́ли | |
| ҆и | Zogr. 43: gi | |
| евре́й ҆и иїс͒а нави́и́на ѿ ҆ѡна҆ꙗ́ земл҆ꙗ́ | Zogr. 43: ievrei i isusъ navinъ | |
| 75: | ҆и наследи́ли ҆евреи зе́млю хана҆áню | |
| 76: | ҆и ꙋби́ли си҆ѡ́на цр҃а ҆áморе́иска ҆и ҆ѡгà цр҃а васан͛ска ҆и всà, цр͒твї҆ꙗ́ хана҆áн͛ска | |
| 77: | хана҆áнь ҆е́ би́ль, си́нь хáмовь | |
| 78: | него́во се племе било зовало пле́ме хана҆áн͛ско | |
| 79: | нáй про́клето нá земли ѿ свѝ пле́мена | |
| 80: | на се́дмь ҆ези-ци било̀ | |
| 81: | ѿ не́го са ҆и ци́гане те | Zogr. 43: tu sa i cigane bili NBKM 369: što im+sa lica+ta černi |
| 82: | ти́҆ꙗ́, се҆дмь ҆е́зи́ци на ·лз· цр͒тва билѝ побили́ ги | |
| 83: | ҆и ҆искарáли ги ҆евре́й | |
| 84: | ҆и ꙋзели ѿ ни́хь палести́ню ҆и ерл͒мь | |
| 85: | та҆ꙗ́ землꙗ ҆испрьво бе́ше ю бг҃ь ҆ѡбрекль ҆áвраàмꙋ | No auxilla and no object doubling in Zogr. 43: taę zemla isprvo obeštalъ b-gъ avraamu |
| 86: | ҆и даль ю по́сле на ҆евре́й | |
| 87: | ҆á дрꙋги не́кой мꙋ́жь би́ло мꙋ ҆име ҆еверь ѿ си́мовь ро́дь би́ль | |
| 88: | ҆и не послꙋшáль невро́та | |
| 89: | ҆и не ҆ишель на него́вь до́мь | |
| 90: | нї | |
| е помагáль невро́тꙋ да грáди ҆они́ стль́пь, | Again, no auxilla in Zogr. 43. | |
| 91: | защо́ се бо҆еше ѿ бг҃а ҆еверь | |
| 92: | ҆и аврáмь ѿ него́вь ро́дь | |
| бе́ше | Zogr. 43: bilъ | |
| 93: | ҆и по негово ҆име еве́рь наре́кли се ҆евреи ҆и до дне́ска | |
| 94: | ҆и евре́йски ро́дь ѿ | Eber and Hebrews are described as descendants of Shem in Genesis (10:24), as mentioned above too, but Punčo was likely confused by the lack of interpunction or section markers in his source |
| ҆áфетово племе, бе́ше | Zogr. 43: afetovo pleme na petnadesetъ jazici oni svi jazici preiši more črno i beloe ... NBKM 369: [ta+sa narekli evreiskię+tъ rodъ. evrei i+do-dnes.] a afetovo+tu plemę što+sa razdělili na pęt'+na+desętъ jazycy. tię sički jazycy priišle more... | |
| 95: | ҆и преишли свѝ чрь́ное море ҆и бе́лое | |
| 96: | ҆и населили́ се на землю ҆евро́тꙋ | |
| 97: | ҆имáль ҆áфеть ҆едного си́на | Zogr. 43: imejalъ |
| 98: | зовáлї го мо́схось | Gen 10:2 |
| 99: | ҆и пошлѝ на полꙋ́нощна стрáна где́то е сьгà москов͛ска земл҆ꙗ́; | |
| 100: | ҆и тамо що ймаше во́да ҆и водá та наре́кли мо́сква ре́ка | Zogr. 43 (8v): i po mosxosa prededa svoego de se prvo naselili narekli onaę reka mskova a po neę i ono sělo |
| 101: | ҆и населили се тамо | |
| 102: | ҆и после начини́ли го грáдь | |
| 103: | ҆и поставили тáмо пр͒толь цр͒ки | |
| 104: | ҆и порадѝ то наре́кли се | |
| москáле ҆и до дне́сь | Zogr. 43: moskovi | |
| 105: | ҆и | Punčo here omits the story of Scandians (skandavlane), Western neighbors of Moscowians, later expanding to ʺthe land of Bradibura on the Baltic shoreʺ - in Chronicle, these are later called slavęni, the ones with the ʺpurestʺ language, who accepted the mission of Cyrill and Method, and later fell under the rule of Rome and the German Emperor (Zogr. 43: 8v). |
| кр͒ти ги ст҃и кири́ль ҆и меѳо́диа | Zogr. 43: krstil | |
| 106: | ҆и порадѝ то наре́кли нáши кни́ги ҆и род ҆и ези́кь славен͛ски ро́дь | |
| 107: | ҆ѡни най право ҆и на чи́сто гово́рать | |
| 108: | ҆и много ре́чи подо́бни на бльгар͛ски ҆езикь беседат † | |
| 109: | Пи́ше | Punčo omits further the account of a war between the slavęni against moskali i rusi, after which the former settled as far as Volga, from which the Bulgars, according to Paisius, took their name. |
| кни́га за бль́гаре | Zogr. 43 (10r): pišetъ baronъ v prva častъ baronia na liste | |
| 110: | стрáшни ҆и сил͛ни би́ли на т҆о́ꙗ ст҃ь | |
| 111: | мáль народь се зове | |
| 112: | ҆áли не можел ни ҆еди́нь цр҃ь грьчески да ймь надви́е | |
| 113: | тако́й пишꙋть ҆и грьци ҆ꙋ нихни кни́ги | |
| 114: | бль́гаре ди́ви, | |
| 115: | ҆и не страшли́ви на бо́й | |
| 116: | но ҆и тешки народ бльгар͛ски не победи́мых ва брáнехь | Zogr. 43: i paki težki narodъ bolgarski i nepobedimi vъ branexъ |
| 117: | мло́го пáкости чини́ли грь́комь ҆и римл҆ꙗ́номь | |
| 118: | защо тако ре́кохꙋ грьци че сꙋ бль́гаре дивѝ ҆и не страшли́ви на бо́й | Zogr. 43: zato |
| 119: | и ва мало време станáхꙋ бль́гаре на землю грь́ческꙋю | Punčo omits the backstory - according to Paisius, Bulgars looked for arable land, settling along Lower Danube and Pannonia. He identifies them with Goths, who indeed moved across Danube in 376. |
| 120: | ҆и чини́хꙋ пáкость грькомь | |
| 121: | ҆и зато | |
| стáнꙋ цр҃ь грь́чки ꙋ҆ален͛ть сась войскꙋ на ни́хь | Zogr. 43: poiišelъ | |
| 122: | но сáсь помощь бж҃їю надви́ли бль́гари цр҃ꙋ ꙋален͛тꙋ | Likely referring to the Battle of Adrianople (378) where Valens was defeated by Goths led by Fritigern. Zogr. 43 (9r) also includes the date, which is *toi* (378) indeed. |
| 123: | ҆á ѡнь побе́галь да би ꙋте́каль | |
| 124: | ҆ѡни́ го гони́ли до ҆едрене́ | |
| 125: | ҆ѡнь се скрил сась неговáго вези́ра ꙋ еднꙋ пле́вницꙋ | |
| 126: | ҆и ҆ѡнѝ запали́ли ҆ѡ́нꙋю пле́вницꙋ | |
| 127: | ҆и ҆и-згоре́ль цр҃ь грь́чки ꙋален͛ть сась него́ваго вези́ра | |
| 128: | тако́й пише ва де҆ꙗ́нїе егѡ̀ | |
| 129: | тако ҆и било ҆есть не ль́жно, | In Zogr. 43, another story follows: Valens calls Goths to cross Danube against Bulgars. Paisius cites another text (apparent from Ivanov's edition), and then interprets it, that Greeks used the term ʺGothsʺ for Bulgars. |
| 130: | Зрѝ де҆ꙗ́нїе ҆ихь чи̇тáтелю | Punčo omits the resolution of the war under Theodosius. |
| 131: | ҆и познай ҆истинꙋ что зде́ вь крат͛це написа-хомь. | |
| 132: | Бáтоꙗ крáль сил͛ни ҆и хрáбри сїиречь ҆юнакь на бо́й | Cf. Zogr. 43:11r In a passage omitted by Punčo (Zogr. 43:12v), the beginning of Batoi's reign is specified to year *xoi*, i.e. 678, and as vъ vreme šestago sobora, i.e. 680-681. The dates coincide with those of Khan Asparukh. Chronographia of Sigibert (11th c.) indeed gives the name Batius to Asparukh. The name may also denote Batbayan, another son of Khan Kubrat, who remained under Khazar rule, after the latter conquered Volga region in 668. |
| ꙋзель землю ѿ ни́шка дрьжáва ҆и скоп͛ска ҆и ѡͯрит͛ска ҆и патри́ар͛шїꙗ | Naissus and Macedonia were conquered by Khan Presian (ruling 836-852). Life of St. Demetrius mentions Kuber (possibly another son of Kubrat), settling in Macedonia in 680s. | |
| 133: | ҆и постави́ль сто́ль ва ҆ѡͯрить грáдь | Actually, Ohrid was made capital by Tsar Samuil (997-1014). |
| 134: | ҆и триве́лїа ст҃и крал би́ль | Khan Tervel (700-721) ruled after Asparukh. Possibly called a saint for his help against the Muslim siege of Constantinople led by caliph Sulayman (717-718). |
| 135: | ꙋзель вьса маџáрска зе́млꙗ | Khan Krum (803-814) conquered large portions of today's Hungary from the crumbling Avar Khaganate. His successor Omurtag (814-831) defeated Magyars (or Khazars) on Dnieper in 824. |
| 136: | ҆издáлї ю бльгáри | Zogr. 43: zapovedali |
| 137: | за мно́га лета давáли маџáри дáнокь | |
| 138: | паки цр҃ь крꙋнь ҆и ҆и | |
| михáйль ꙋзели ѿ грь́ци дрьжáвꙋ | Paisius likely means Boris (852-889), whose baptismal name was Michael. | |
| софи́скꙋ ҆и | Sofia (Sredets) was conquered by Krum in 809 and remained in BG hands until the fall of the first kingdom. | |
| филибели́скꙋ ҆и самоко́вскꙋ ҆и | Philippopolis (Plovdiv) was first taken by Krum, but it remained contested. Boris-Michael lost it in 855, but reconquered it, and it remained in BG hands until deep into 10th century. | |
| щип͛скꙋ ҆и стрꙋми́цꙋ ҆и | Strumica (the town) and Shtip were taken by Khan Presian and remained under BG authority until the end of the first kingdom. Paisius likely means Krum's campaign in Struma valley (807), mentioned below. | |
| едренѐ | Khan Kardam, predecessor of Krum, defeated Byzantines at Adrianople in 791. Krum defeated them again here in 813. The city was first captured for a longer period by Emperor Simeon in 921. It was taken and plundered once more by Samuil in 1003. | |
| 139: | ҆и на-сели́ли по ти́а стрáни бль́гар͛ски, наро́дь | |
| 140: | ҆и седꙋть бль́гаре тáмо ҆и до дне͒ | |
| 141: | По́сле | |
| ҆иѡань | Variants of CS Ioannъ are used for both Bulgarian and Greek rulers by Paisius (and Punčo). Our translation uses 'Ivan' for Bulgarian and 'John' for Greek ones, as it is usual in English. | |
| калимань си́нь | Paisius possibly confuses Kaloyan (1196-1207), Kaliman (1241-1246) and Ivan Asen II (1218-1241) called by him ioanъ asěnъ kalimanъ (Zogr. 43:31v). Kaloyan defeated Crusaders at Adrianople in 1205, conquering parts of Macedonia including Serres, but he could not hold it for long. Ivan Asen II conquered large parts of Empire of Thessalonica in 1230 and vassalized the rest. The two seem to be also identified by Euthymius in his Life of St. Petka, which Paisius cites as his source (Zogr. 43:32v). | |
| цр҃ь ҆áсе́новь ꙋзе́ль ѿ грь́ци дрьжáва | Zogr. 43: ioanъ kalimanъ sinъ asěnana c-ra starago Punčo's handling of the possessive construction reminds that of Berlin damaskin, marking only one element of the noun phrase - vъ dine+te soltan selimovi vtori 'in the days of Sultan Selim II'. | |
| драм͛ска ҆и сер͛ска ҆и | Serres and Drama were taken from the Latin Empire by Kaloyan, but they were lost after the death of Ivan Asen II, and the Mongol invasions in 1240s to Nicaeans. | |
| мелниш͛ка ҆и | The area of Melnik was conquered already by Khan Presian. After the rise of Asen brothers, it became a seat of an independent county. Ivan Asen II incorporated it into the Second Kingdom, but it was lost to Nicaeans after his death. | |
| солꙋнска | Both Empire of Thessalonica and Epirus Despotate became vassals of Ivan Asen II. However, both were lost after his death. | |
| 142: | ҆и ҆искарáль ѿ тамо грь́ци | |
| 143: | ҆и насели́ли се бль́гари | |
| 144: | такои ҆и до дне́сь по ѡнїа земли живе́ют бль́гаре | This part of the chronicle (Zogr. 43:11v) was historically very important: it formulates the claim, which Bulgaria tried to assert in 1913 and both world wars. After her defeats, the Slavic (be they called Bulgarian or Macedonian) population in the area was expelled from the territories controlled by Greece. |
| 145: | после беше, дрꙋги крáль | Punčo omits the background of the story - rebellion of Bulgars (led by Alcek) in Pannonia against Magyars (Avars), their migration to Frankish Empire, and their slaughter. He also switches to verbal imperfects for two sentences. |
| вꙋки́чь | In the list of kings at the end of the chapter, Vukič is the first one, followed by Dragič, Boris, and first then Batoi. See the lemma entry in dictionary for possible identification. | |
| 146: | вь ле́то | |
| ·ун· | Zogr. 43: has *ѵi* (ižica, not vědě), i.e. 408, other sources *ѵn* (450). Possibly 708 (Cyrilli ·ѱн·) in the original? | |
| нападнахꙋ дрꙋ́гаго | Zogr. 43: napali | |
| вар͛да крáлꙗ що бе́ше ҆изби́ль де́веть хи́лꙗди бльгаре | Likely Dagobert, king of Franks - either the first or second. See the lemma for more information. | |
| 147: | ҆и надвили мꙋ сась бо̆и | |
| 148: | ҆и ѡплени́ли, всꙋ неговꙋ | Possibly an allusion to Samo's raids against Dagobert after the latter's defeat at Wogastisburg? |
| землю | Zogr. 43: sva negova zemla | |
| 149: | ҆и | |
| после ҆имали бльгаре дрꙋгаго кнеза себе | Zogr. 43: v leto *ѵče* (495) | |
| драги́ча | See lemma for possible explanations of the name. | |
| 150: | ҆и падли на фрáнгїю ҆и на | Cesare Baronio (cited from Nikolov 2014): Pridoša na ego iz polunoštnyx stran bolgary i Frakiju [Thrace] voevaxu: na nixže egda posla Arista illiričeskago voinstva vožda, ljute poraziša ego nad rekoju Zurtoju, ideže perveišix krepkix voev bolee četyrex tysjašt pade. To uslyšav Anastasii posla bolgarom mnogo zlata i bogatyja dary imiže do vremene mir kupi. |
| ҆алерика | Zogr. 43: ilirikъ Thus in all other versions. Goths led by Alaric followed Emperor Theodosius in 394 against Franks, but this is clearly a Punčo's typo. | |
| 151: | и раззби́ли воискꙋ грь́ческꙋю | |
| 152: | ҆и поби́ли ·у· хил҆ꙗ́ди грь́ци | |
| 153: | и ѡпленїли млого зе́млю ҆и народь грь́чески | |
| 154: | ҆и после се ꙋбо҆ꙗ́ль, цр҃ь | |
| ҆áнастáсїа | Likely Anastasius Dicorus (491-518), at whose time Bulgars raided Thrace. | |
| 155: | ҆и пратиль много сребро̀ ҆и злáто бльгаромь ҆и дари мно́гоцени́ | |
| 156: | ҆и ҆испроси́ль се́бе мирь | |
| 157: | пáки то́й драги́чь ꙋзимáль данокь ѿ грьческаго цр҃а | |
| ҆анастасию † | Punčo omits some accounts about kings Dragič and Tervel (trivelъ, Zogr. 43:12v-14v). | |
| 158: | После по ҆áнастáсїꙗ цр҃а настанꙋл͛ сꙋл͛тань сꙋлимáнь тꙋр͛ски | Zogr. 43 (15r): a sulimanъ sultanъ turskii sъ silna voiska i oselii carii gradъ za tri lěta A sidenote in Zogr. 43 dates the event to 707 (*ѱз*, a iota was possibly faded, as caliph Sulayman besieged the city in 717). |
| 159: | ҆и то́й | |
| поиде сáсь си́л͛на войска | No verb in Zogr. 43 | |
| 160: | ҆и засе́дли цр҃игрáдь за три ле́та | |
| 161: | ҆и тако ѿ глáди ҆измре́ли, | |
| 162: | ҆и ҆и по мо́ре ҆избе́гли | |
| 163: | ҆и по мо́ре се ҆издави́ли | |
| 164: | ҆и тако три хил҆ꙗ́ди чл҃веци погїнꙋ́ли | |
| 165: | пáки | |
| тривели́а крáль бльгар͛ски сьбрал войска сил͛на | In his list of rulers, Paisius attributes the help against Arabs to Asen, the first ʺemperorʺ (carь). | |
| 166: | ҆и пошьль, на по́мощь хр͒тиӑномь | |
| 167: | ҆и нападнꙋ́ль нá тꙋр͛ци кре́пко | |
| 168: | ҆и ꙋби́ль ѿ ни́хь ·кв· хилꙗ́ди | |
| 169: | ҆и ѿкарáль вьса си́ла тꙋр͛ска ѿ цр҃игрáдь | |
| 170: | то҆ꙗ́ тривели́а крал прьво ꙋзел верꙋ хр͒тиан͛скꙋ | |
| 171: | ҆и покр͒тил се вь ле́то гд͒не ·ѱг· | |
| 172: | По не́го настáль не́кои чл҃ве́кь ҆име́ мꙋ било̀ крꙋнь | Zogr. 43 (19r): oumeršu že kardamu po nemъ nastalъ krunъ izredenъ věledušenъ blagopolučenъ vъ voistve Punčo omits accounts of Tervel's successors up to Krum. |
| 173: | ҆изредень веледш҃ень ї бл҃гополꙋчень вь воин͛ство | |
| 174: | то҆ꙗ́ би́ль не верни | |
| 175: | но ҆ꙗ́ко смирил грь́ци | |
| 176: | ҆и разшири́ль, дрьжáвꙋ зе́млю | |
| бльгар͛скїа | The form goes back to a long f.pl.gen ending (-yę), cf. Zogr. 43: raširililъ državu zemlii bolъgarskie | |
| 177: | що сꙋ били́ пре́дь крꙋна цр҃ие бльгар͛ски све сꙋ би́лї бл҃гополꙋ́чни ҆и по юнáци ѿ грь́ци | Zogr. 43: što bili nekoliko cari bolъgarski prežde ego ne+blago_polučni i odolenii ot grci - i.e. 'not fortunate and defeated by Greeks' Although the information on BG khans between Tervel and Kardam is more or less limited to the data from Nominalia, short reigns and changing dynasties are signs of internal turmoil. |
| 178: | и сабрáль крꙋнь | |
| слав҆ꙗ́не сїире́чь бль́гаре панон͛ски | Zogr. 43: slavęni panoniski | |
| 179: | ҆и нападнꙋ́ль на фран͛цꙋска, стрáна | |
| 180: | ҆и изби́ль ·лв· хил҆ꙗ́ди | Punčo's text is corrupted, cf. Zogr. 43: i ubilъ borna vъ dalъmatii The original refers to a proxy war between Ljudevit of Pannonia against Borna of Dalmatia in 819-821, after the former switched his vassalage from Franks to Bulgars (led by Khan Omurtag by then). |
| грьци | sic | |
| 181: | ҆и ҆ѡбрьнꙋ́л се крꙋ́нь на цр҃а грь́ческаго, | Zogr. 43: i obratil sę na carę gr-českago i razorilъ vъsexъ predeli zemli grъčeskie i franciskie |
| 182: | ҆и поразил мꙋ свꙋ зе́млю ҆и дрьжáвꙋ грь́-ческꙋю ҆и фран͛цꙋскꙋю | |
| 183: | ҆и по това цр҃ь ни́кїфорь грь́чки прати́ль хазна цр͒ка҆ꙗ́ да зби́ра войскꙋ на бль́гаре | |
| 184: | коги дойде генарáрь при ре́кꙋ стрꙋми́цꙋ тамо гѡ́ | Paisius likely refers to the first war between Krum and Nicephorus in 807, when Bulgars defeated Byzantines in the Struma valley. |
| прете́че крꙋнь | Zogr. 43: pritekalъ | |
| 185: | ҆и ꙋби́ль генарáра | |
| 186: | ҆и сва та мꙋ во́йска погꙋби́ль | |
| 187: | ҆и сва хазнà мꙋ ѿтьвнꙋль | |
| 188: | ҆и ꙋзель грь́цкї градь софи́ю | Krum conquered Sofia in 809. |
| 189: | ѡще ҆изби́ль, | |
| ше сто́тинь хил҆ꙗ́ди войне ники́форови ҆и безз числа простаго наро́да | Actually 6000, Paisius possibly misread Cyrillic ·ѕ· for ·х· | |
| 190: | ники́форь | Here Paisius speaks about the third war of 811. |
| сьбра войска без чи́сла | Zogr. 43: sъbralъ | |
| 191: | ҆и настꙋпи́ль на | |
| бльгари́ю | Zogr. 43: bolъgarię | |
| 192: | ҆и ҆име҆ꙗ́ль сáсь се́бе сн҃а своего став-рáкию | |
| 193: | ҆и тако безбо́жно погꙋбил зем͛лю каде е проми́нꙋль | |
| 194: | ҆и мислиль да порази в͛сꙋ бльгарїю | |
| 195: | ҆и їзго́риль на ҆ѡгнь до́мь крꙋновь | Paisius means the sack of Pliska, Krum's capital, following Nicephorus' initial advance. |
| 196: | ҆á крꙋнь се беше много ꙋплáшиль | |
| 197: | ҆и проси́ль мирь ѿ ники́фора | |
| 198: | ҆á ники́форь не | |
| ще҆ꙗ́ль да ꙋчи́ни, мирь | Zogr. 43: vъsxotelъ | |
| 199: | расрьди́л͛ се като беше по над͛ви́ль | Zogr. 43: razgr-delъ se pobedoju |
| 200: | тоги́ва цр҃ь крꙋнь ре́че | |
| 201: | скоро заграде́те тесни ме́ста ҆и клисꙋрї | |
| 202: | ҆и напáднꙋль на никифора цр҃а близꙋ при | |
| славо̀ми́рь | Slomer next to Pavlikeni? | |
| 203: | не е дале́ко ѿ никопол҆ꙗ | The site of battle was likely the Varbitsa pass in the soutwestern part of Shumen region. |
| 204: | ҆и разби́ль паки крꙋнь никифора цр҃а | |
| 205: | ҆и свꙋ мꙋ войскꙋ погꙋби́ль коне-чно | |
| 206: | ҆и ꙋзел мꙋ васе ҆именїе що е би́ль ҆ѡплени́ль ники́форь ѿ цр҃ь крꙋновь дво́рь | |
| 207: | ҆и тꙋ ꙋби́ли бль́гари никифора цр҃а, | |
| 208: | ҆и повеле́ль цр҃ь крꙋнь | |
| 209: | ҆и натакнꙋли ◄ глáвꙋ никифо́ровꙋ на ви́лꙋ ради сме́хь ҆и да види свь наро́дь ҆и | |
| да е͒ помни ҆и свеки да знае какво е ҆ималь цр҃ь крꙋнь побе́дꙋ на грь́ци | Zogr. 43 (10r): da pomnitъ vъsakъ | |
| 210: | ҆и повелел | |
| 211: | ҆и ҆ѡковаль ҆ѡнꙋю глáвꙋ сась злáтѡ | |
| 212: | ҆и начини́ли чáшꙋ ѿ не҆ꙗ́ | |
| 213: | тоги́ва ҆имал крꙋнь вели́ка радость ҆и весе́лїе | |
| 214: | ҆и пил ҆из главá та ви́но сась велмꙋжїи | |
| бльгарскїа | The form likely goes back to a long m.pl.acc ending (-yę - the same as f.pl.gen), cf. Zogr. 43: sъ velmuži bolgarskie (ofc, in CS norm a pl.inst would be expected). | |
| 215: | ҆и дꙋмáль | |
| 216: | ва слáвꙋ бж҃їю ҆и за нашꙋ побе́дꙋ да ҆испиемо тꙋю чашꙋ ви́но | |
| 217: | тако ѡбладáль цр҃ь крꙋнь мно́го грáдове грь́чески .:. са͒ ҆огнь и са͒ | |
| топове | sic | |
| 218: | По крꙋ́на постави́ли бльгáре на | Lit. 'put Alexandrius to kingdom'. Zogr. 43 (43r): po mixaila postavili bolgari na cr-stvo aleѯanra Punčo jumps over nearly thirty folios of the Chronicle, continuing with rulers of the 14th century. |
| цр͒тво ҆áлеѯан͛дрїю | Zogr. 43: aleѯanra | |
| 219: | сте́фань краль дечан͛ски ҆и срьпски прише́ль вь бльгари́ю са͒ войскꙋ | Stefan III Uroš, founder of Dečani Monastery, defeated Bulgarians in the Battle of Velbazhd (1330), killing King Michael Asen III. He installed Stephen, son of his sister and Michael Asen, but Ivan Alexander deposed him next year. In the same year, Stefan III was deposed by his son and died. |
| 220: | ҆и | |
| прати́ль хабáрь бол͛гаромь | Zogr. 43: poslalъ posli | |
| 221: | ҆и рекль | |
| 222: | ҆áко хощете ҆имати ми́рь са͒ нáсь ҆и землю вашꙋ це́лꙋ ҆и не вою́ванꙋ ҆изгоне́те ҆алеѯан͛дра ѿ цр͒тво | |
| 223: | ҆и поставе́те сте́фана си́на сестрѝ мое́й | |
| 224: | того сте́фана роди́ль беше михáйль са͒ не́дꙋ сестрꙋ крал҆ꙗ́ срьп͛скаго | |
| 225: | того хоте҆ꙗ́ли срьбїе постави́ти да имь бꙋде цр҃ь | |
| 226: | но ҆áлеѯан͛дрь станꙋль сась нова войска противꙋ сте́фана | Stephen III did not support his nephew due to the rebellion of his son Stephen Dušan. While it is not clear, whether Alexander actively supported Dušan, they formed an alliance against Byzantines soon after the latter took power. |
| 227: | ҆и возврати́л͛ го назать вь срьби́ю | |
| 228: | ҆и после́ се ҆ѡбрьнꙋ́ль на цр҃а грьческаго | |
| 229: | ҆и ѡплени́ль мло́го села ҆и грáдове | |
| 230: | ҆и | |
| на-полни́ се са͒ | Zogr. 43 has an aorist form (naplъni too, but other sources show napolnil. | |
| ҆именїе | Zogr. 43: koristъ | |
| 231: | ҆и врьнꙋ се во бльга-ри́ю | |
| 232: | ҆и рекль ҆алеѯан͛дриа да ꙋчини | Punčo omits the context, cf. Zogr. 43 (43v): ioanъ katakuzimъ c-rъ gr-česki nastalъ po andronika. sabralъ voska silna i napalъ naprasno na bolgaria. i razorilъ veliki trakъ ou kraini |
| мирь сáсь грьче́скаго цр҃а | Before the battle of Rusokastro (1332), the last major battle between Bulgaria and Byzantines, Ivan Alexander wanted to negotiate, but likely because he was still awaiting reinforcements. | |
| 233: | то́й не хоте҆ꙗ́ль мирь | |
| 234: | ҆áлеѯан͛дриа ҆ималь при се́бе во̀йскꙋ ·и· хил҆ꙗ́ди бльгаре ҆и ·в· хилꙗди | |
| влáси | At Rusokastro, the smaller contingent was composed of Tatar mercenaries. | |
| 235: | ҆и тако станꙋль сась, десеть хил҆ꙗ́ди войскꙋ противꙋ грь́ци що би́ли | |
| ·о· хил҆ꙗ́ди | Greek sources give their numbers smaller than the BG force - about 8000. Zogr. 43 has sedamdesetъ too, but Ivanov's translation has 7000. | |
| 236: | ҆и ꙋдари́ль воискꙋ по междꙋ грьци | |
| 237: | но бль́гаре не ѿстꙋпи́ли никáко | |
| 238: | но би́ли креп͛ко войскꙋ, грь́ческꙋю | |
| 239: | ҆и тако побе́гли грь́ци назат | |
| 240: | ҆и цр҃ь | Zogr. 43: [u tako pobegli grъci natragъ] i c-rъ ioanъ katakuznъ oubegli vъ gradъ rusčukъ |
| їѡань грьчки ҆едва ꙋте́че ꙋ град | John VI Kantakouzenos ruled Byzantines as a regent from 1341 and alone as Emperor in 1347-1354. However, he served as a general for Andronicus III (1328-1341). | |
| рꙋхчꙋ́кь | Paisius confuses Rusokastro (in the vicinity of Burgas) with the city of Russe on Danube, which would be an unlikely direction of retreat. | |
| 241: | ҆á бль́гаре ҆ѡбседли градь зá мно́гѡ вре́ме | |
| 242: | ҆и тако цр҃ь ҆иѡань станꙋль мно́го гри́жень | |
| 243: | ҆и никако не может͛ се домислити како можеть со-твори́ти | Zogr. 43: i tako c-rъ ioanъ katakuzimъ stalъ jako očaęnikъ vъ nedoumenie čto bi imeęlъ tvoriti |
| 244: | пáки ҆áлеѯан͛дриа цр҃ь пожалил͛ го | |
| 245: | ҆и предал͛ мꙋ сась свою̀ во́лю, мирь | |
| 246: | ҆и рекль мꙋ да ҆иде ꙋ цр҃игрáдь сь миромь | |
| 247: | ҆и ѡн͛ се ҆ѡбрадꙋваль тврьде | |
| 248: | защо го ҆ѡпро́сти цр҃ь ҆áлеѯан͛дриа | Two sentences not in Zogr. 43 (both with finite verbs as roots). |
| 249: | ҆и сакаше за мно́го лета да ҆има ми́рь са͒ ҆áлеѯан͛дрию цр҃а | |
| 250: | ҆и даль свою дьщерь десе́толетнꙋю за сн҃а ҆áлеѯан͛дрова, ҆иѡ҆ана шишмáна | Paisius surely means Irene Palaiologina (1327-1399), daughter of Andronicus III, who was betrothed to Michael, first son of Ivan Alexander, in 1336. They married later, but produced no children. After her husbands death (1355), she became a nun. |
| 251: | ҆и ѡнь беше на ·еı· го́дини | |
| 252: | ҆и соврьши́ли свад͛ба слáвна ҆и весел͛ба мно́го во ҆едрене | |
| 253: | тꙋ билѝ ҆и ʾѡба | |
| дво́ри цр͒ки с вели́ко ꙋкрашенїе цр͒ка҆ꙗ́ | Zogr. 43: dvori | |
| 254: | пото́мь | |
| врьнꙋ́ се ҆áлеѯандрь вь тер͛ново | Zogr. 43: vъzvratilъ | |
| 255: | свободи́л се ѿ сви непри҆ꙗ́тели що имáль проти́вни | |
| 256: | ҆и дрьжал своѐ цр͒тво с вели́кимь разꙋмомь, | |
| 257: | ҆и сви | |
| подавни́ци сло́бодно поживе́ли вь вре́ме него́во | Zogr. 43: p[o]danixъ | |
| 258: | но ҆ималь цр҃ь женꙋ̀ ѕлонарáвнꙋ | Ivan Alexander married Theodora, daughter of Basarab of Wallachia, in 1320s. In 1345, he sent her to monastery and married Sarah-Theodora. |
| 259: | ҆и зле жи́вела | |
| 260: | ѿкарал͛ь ю ѿ се́бе ҆áлеѯáндри҆ꙗ | |
| 261: | ҆и ꙋзел си дрꙋга ҆е́вреан͛ка | Sarah-Theodora, mother of Ivan Shishman, converted to Christianity and was a fervent supporter of clergy. |
| 262: | повель прьво кр͒тїти ю | |
| 263: | ҆и тако ꙋзе́ль ю за женꙋ | |
| 264: | ҆á прьвою женꙋ̀ пратил сась си́на свое́го | |
| страшѝми́ра ꙋ види́нь | Ivan Sratsimir ruled in Vidin in 1356-1396, with the intermezzo described below. | |
| 265: | ҆и даль своемꙋ си́нꙋ ҆и на мт҃ерь да прáвать ви́динь ѿ, че́тири стрáни | Zogr. 43: dalъ strašimiru svoemu sinu s materъ ego pravitelъstvo vidinъ i okresnaę |
| 266: | ҆и по некое вре́ме страшѝми́рь по майкини си, дꙋми не слꙋшáль свое́го ҆оц҃а | |
| 267: | но називáль се́бе цр҃а вь ви́динь | Ivan Alexander gave the title of carь to Sratsimir in 1351. After the death of Alexander's first-born son Michael in 1355, it became clear he will not accept Ivan Shishman as a new heir. |
| 268: | ҆и не покори́л͛ се ҆оц҃ꙋ | |
| нѝ нащо | Zogr. 43: ni v česomъ | |
| 269: | ҆и цр҃ь ҆але́ѯан͛дриа ҆ималь мно́го мл͒ть за сина своего страши́мира | |
| 270: | ҆и не ще҆ꙗ́ль да мꙋ сотво́ри нѝкакво зло̀ | |
| 271: | но крáль маџар͛ски пришел | Louis I the Great (ruled 1342-1382) tried to restore vassalage over Wallachia, which was established by late Arpads, but they were likely more loyal to Sratsimir, as a grandson of Voivod Basarab. |
| 272: | ҆и ҆ѡбсе́даль ви́динь | |
| 273: | ҆и ꙋфати́ль, страши́ми́ра | |
| 274: | ҆и бил͛ го мно́го | |
| 275: | ҆и нáказал͛ го добрѐ | |
| 276: | защо сѐ не | |
| поко́ри ҆о́ц҃ꙋ свое́мꙋ | Zogr. 43: za ne+pokorenie | |
| 277: | ҆и дрьжал͛ го мно́го ꙋ темни́цꙋ затво́рень | |
| 278: | ҆и по некол͛ко, вре́ме ꙋмоли ҆áлеѯан͛дрь крал҆ꙗ́, маџар͛скога | Zogr. 43: po nekoe vreme umolenъ kralъ vengarski ili maџarski ot c-rę aleѯandra svobodilъ strašimira ot uzъ |
| 279: | ҆и ҆ѡпрости крáль, страши́ми́ра ѿ | |
| ҆ꙋста | Punčo likely did not understand the word uzъ (seen in Zogr. 43) - pl.gen of CS ǫzy 'shackles'. | |
| 280: | ҆и ꙋзел͛ мꙋ ҆едно̀ | |
| де́те за зало́гь | His daughter Dorothea, who later became the wife of King Tvrtko of Bosnia. | |
| 281: | ҆и ѿ҆ише́ль си вь свою̀ дрьжáвꙋ, | |
| 282: | то било вь ле́то | |
| ·҂атна· ◄ | Hungarians actually controlled Vidin between 1365 and 1369. | |
| ♣ | Picture: A crowned head. | |
| 283: | [тꙋркомь] | |
| 284: | ҆И вь то време хоте́ль сꙋл͛тáнь мꙋрáть да ди́гне во́йскꙋ на бль́гари́ю | Murad ruled from 1362 until his death on the Kosovo Pole in 1389. In 1352 his older brother Sulayman captured Gallipoli and started raiding Thrace. Murad himself did not lead a major campaign against Bulgaria during the reign of Ivan Alexander. |
| 285: | ҆áлеѯáндрїа мꙋ дáль ҆еднꙋ, свою дь́щерь за женꙋ̀ | Ivan Shishman gave his sister, Kera Tamara, to Murad in 1373, regaining some territories already captured by Turks. The peace lasted until early 1380s. Paisius may also mean Keratsa, who was wed to future Emperor Andronicus IV in 1355, to form a Bulgaro-Byzantine alliance against Turks. |
| 286: | ҆и тако ҆имали ми́рь сась сꙋл͛тань мꙋрáта тꙋр͛скаго | First major clashes of Bulgars and Ottomans were battles of Sofia (1349), where Alexander's son Ivan Asen died, and Ixtiman (1355), which claimed his heir Michael. As a sultan, Murad did not attack BG heartland until 1370s. |
| 287: | ҆и нещо мало вре́ме цр҃ьствꙋвáли | |
| 288: | ҆и ꙋмре́ль ҆але́ѯан͛дрїа цр҃ь | |
| [ѯѯ] вь ле́то | Written beneath the line - Punčo likely exercised the letter to write the Alexander's name nicely. | |
| ·҂атѯг· | Thus in all sources. Ivan Alexander actually lived until 1371. Paisius' source possibly confused it with the date of fall of Edirne to Ottomans or the battle of Chernomen. | |
| 289: | ҆и ѡстáвиль ҆алеѯáндриа, три, си́нове страши́мира ҆и | |
| ҆асена ҆и шишмáна и҆ѡ́ана | Paisius likely means the younger Ivan Asen, son of Alexander by his second wife, killed by Turks in 1388, possibly defending Urvich (see below; the first son by this name from Theodora died in 1349). | |
| 290: | По ҆áлеѯан͛дра настáль на цр͒твѡ́ ҆иѡань шишмáнь | |
| 291: | но сꙋлтáнь мꙋрат ва грáдь брꙋса седе́ль | |
| 292: | ҆и било мїр междо̀ грьци ҆и междо бль́гаре ҆и ҆и сась мꙋрáта | |
| 293: | коги́ се престáви ҆áлеѯан͛дриа цр҃ь развали́хꙋ то̀й҆ꙗ́ мирь про́клети грь́ци | |
| 294: | ҆и станꙋ́ль цр҃ь шишмáнь | |
| 295: | ҆и ꙋзель ѿ грьци | |
| ҆едрене | Murad captured Edirne in 1360s. After the death of Ivan Alexander in 1371, lords of Macedonia led by Vukašin raised an army to recapture it, but Šišman did not join them, and they were defeated at Chernomen. | |
| 296: | ҆и наложи́ль дáнокь на грь́ци | |
| 297: | зато ҆ѡни прѝзвáхꙋ мꙋрáта са͒ моле́нїе вели́кое на бль́гаре | An important element in the anti-Greek narrative of the Chronicle. Paisius below makes Manuel II (ruling 1391-1425) responsible. However, the claim is possibly based on an earlier case. John Kantakouzenos allied with Sultan Orhan in 1345 against young John V, supported also by Serbia and Bulgaria. Ottomans supported him in the second war against John V (1352-1357) too. |
| 298: | ҆и при́ше́ль мꙋрáть сась вели́ка воис͛ка тꙋр͛ска на бльгарӥа по чрь́но мо́ре ҆и по сꙋхо | Here Paisius possibly means the expedition of Amadeus VI of Savoy, as ally of Byzantines, against Ottomans in 1366. Besides Gallipoli, he conquered multiple cities on the Bulgarian seashore too, turning them over to Byzantines, who then paid financial compensation for them to Alexander. |
| 299: | ҆и раздели́ се воиска | |
| 300: | поль на бльгари́а | |
| 301: | по́ль на влахи́ꙗ, | |
| 302: | тако ҆иѡань ши́шмань ҆и два брáта него́ви сташѝмирь ҆и асе́нь би́ли се креп͛ко с мꙋрáта | Paisius is likely referring here to the earlier battles of Sofia (1349) and Ixtiman (1355). At least in Ixtiman the Turks scored a tactical victory, but they could not continue their campaign. It may also mean attacks following battle of Chernomen: Shishman defended Sofia with success, but in 1373 became a vassal of Murad. |
| 303: | ҆и надви́ли мꙋ | |
| 304: | ҆и пропꙋди́ли го | |
| 305: | ҆и ҆ѿи́шьль посрáмень ѿ бль́гаре | |
| 306: | но на та҆ꙗ́ войска ꙋби́ли тꙋрци ҆áсена брáта шишмáнова | This also indicates, that Paisius is speaking about the battle of Sofia or Ixtiman. However, it may reflect the death of the second Ivan Asen in 1388, following the invasion of Murad's vizier Ali Pasha Chandarli. |
| 307: | тако̀ ҆и дрꙋга та во́йска тꙋр͛ска що ишлà на влахи́ю побили влáси свѐ до ҆еди́наго | The first major clash between Wallachia and Ottomans was the battle of Rovine (1395), in which Mircea the Great defeated Bayezid. |
| 308: | дрꙋги се подави́ли ꙋ дꙋ́новь | |
| 309: | тако́и се сп͒ли вь тѡ вре́ме бль́гаре ҆и́ влáси ѿ голе́мо зло̀ тꙋрско .:. | |
| 310: | Сꙋл͛тань мꙋрать ꙋдари́ль себе, вь грꙋ́ди | |
| 311: | ҆и ꙋзе́ль мло́го ҆и големь, ҆ꙗ́дь ҆и срьдба ҆и ѕло́ба на бль́гаре | |
| 312: | ҆и паки за, трѝ, ле́та сьбирà во҆искꙋ тꙋрскꙋ на бль́гаре | |
| 313: | ҆и на товà поꙋчи́л го цр҃ь грьчески | |
| манꙋйль | Paisius likely means Manuel II, ruling in 1391-1425, whose reign coincides with the fall of Tarnovo (1393) and Vidin (1396). Earlier, Manuel was held as a hostage at the Ottoman court and participated in conquest of Philadelphia (1390), one of the last Byzantine holdings in Anatolia. However, Murad was already dead by then. | |
| 314: | ва то́й вре́ме страши́ми́рь ҆и цр҃ь шишмáнь ҆имáли рáспра междꙋ, се́бе | Possibly referring to the war between Ivan Shishman and Dan I of Wallachia, supported by Sratsimir (1384-1386). In 1385, Turks captured Sofia. |
| 315: | страшѝми́рь сакáль да цр҃ьствꙋва ꙋ трь́ново като по стáри брáть | |
| 316: | но ҆и҆ѡӑнь шишмáнь не ще҆ꙗ́ль да го пꙋщи | |
| 317: | нь мꙋ ре́кль | |
| 318: | те́бе постави́ль ҆о́ц҃ь нáшь ꙋ ви́-динь да цр͒твꙋ́вашь самово́лно | |
| 319: | ҆и ҆и сосꙋ́ва ти ви́динь | |
| 320: | ҆á ме́не ҆ѡста-ви́ль на цр͒тво | |
| 321: | не ѿстꙋпáю ти, | |
| 322: | тáко ҆имеꙗли ненави́сть ҆ѡба ме́ждꙋ се́бе | |
| 323: | брáли во́йска да се би́ють | |
| 324: | но вь то́й вре́ме виде́лї | |
| грь́ци несаглáсїе бльгар͛ско сїречь недо́говорь | Zogr. 43: gr-ci i turci | |
| 325: | ҆и вьстáль мꙋрáть | |
| 326: | паки сáсь войска на бль́гаре ҆изь҆ишель по мо́ре на | |
| кали́поль | Ottomans captured Gallipoli first in 1352 after an earthquake. It was their first foothold in Europe. They lost it to the Savoyard expedition of 1366, but Andronicus IV gave it back 10 years later. | |
| 327: | тáмо | |
| е било̀ жи́тное пристáнище | No auxilla in Zogr. 43: tu bilo žitnoe pristanište | |
| 328: | пошлà тꙋрска войска на бль́гаре | Under the second invasion, Paisius may mean the attack of Murad's vizier Ali Pasha Chandarli in 1388, which resulted in capture of many important cities, with Shishman practically blocked in Nicopolis, or Bayazid's capture of Tarnovo in 1393. Sratsimir did not seem to have helped in any of the two. |
| 329: | ҆á страши́ми́рь не ще҆ꙗ́ль да йде на по́мощь брáтꙋ свое́мꙋ ѿ зло́бꙋ ҆и ненави́сть що ҆имáли на ши́шмáна | |
| 330: | тáко тꙋ́рци прьво ꙋзелї едренѐ ѿ бль́гаре | |
| 331: | пáки пошлѝ ҆и на трь́ново сáсь вели́ка си́ла | |
| 332: | ҆и било мло́го брáнь | |
| 333: | но ҆и крь́вопролїтие мло́го | |
| 334: | бил͛ се цр҃ь ши́шмáнь мло́го вре́ме сась тꙋр͛ци ҆изь грáда трь́нова ҆и по кли́сꙋри ҆и по тврь́ди ме́ста разли́чни | Facing the invasion from 1388, Shishman retreated to well-fortified Nicopolis, fending off a siege, but losing control of most of the kingdom. The city fell during the Bayazid's invasion in 1393. |
| 335: | брáнь ҆и си́лень бо́й било̀, междꙋ тꙋ́рци ҆и бль́гаре | |
| 336: | но било попꙋще́нїемь бж҃їемь | |
| 337: | надви́ли тꙋрци вь то вре́ме | |
| 338: | ҆и ꙋзе́ли трьновь грáдь | |
| 339: | ҆и сва бльгари́а пора-зи́ли ҆и ѡсвойли | |
| 340: | ѿ ҆ѡ́нова вре́ме ҆и до дне́сь порáзвають ҆и ҆ѡзлобл҆ꙗ́҆ють зе́млю бльгар͛скою | |
| 341: | ꙋзе́ли тꙋрци зе́млю ҆и цр͒тво бльгар͛ско вь лето, гд͒не | |
| ·҂ато· .. ◄ | Paisius specifies these dates concerning the reigns of Alexander and Shishman: 1351 - Hungarian invasion of Vidin 1363 - death of Alexander [1367] - first Murad's invasion 1370 - fall of Bulgaria [1377] - death of Shishman | |
| 342: | ҆И пришь́ль мꙋрáть | |
| 343: | ҆и пренесль престоль сво́й ѿ грáда брꙋ́са ꙋ ҆едренѐ | |
| 344: | ҆и по два нá десеть го́дини по́сле пошль́ на срь́бие | |
| 345: | ҆и ꙋзе́ль ҆и срьп͛ска зем͛лꙗ ѿ кне́за лáзара | |
| 346: | ҆и ꙋби́ль кне́зь лáзарь цр҃а мꙋрàта на ко́сово по́ле | |
| 347: | по мꙋрáта станꙋ́ль на цр͒тво си́нь него́вь | |
| 348: | ҆име мꙋ било̀ баꙗзи́ть | |
| 349: | ҆и по ҆ѡсмь десеть ле́та ѿ какво́ сꙋ ꙋзе́ли тꙋрци бльгари́ю настáнꙋль на цр͒тво сꙋлтáнь | |
| мех͛ме́ть ѿ едрене | Mehmed II first became a sultan in 1444 for two years, then returning the throne to his father Murad II. Paisius refers to his second reign (1451-1481). | |
| 350: | ҆и ѿ свꙋдѐ ѡбите́кль грь́ци | |
| 351: | ҆и ꙋзе́ль ѿ ни́хь цр҃игрáдь вь ле́то тꙋрское ·҂аунг· го́да | |
| 352: | тако̀ ꙋпáдли ҆и ѡни вь рꙋце тꙋрски | |
| 353: | порадѝ такáва зло́ба настанáхꙋ грь́ци да зе́мать тꙋрци бль́гарскꙋ зе́млю | |
| 354: | ҆и | |
| пꙋщилї ҆ихь двà ре́да презь ни́хна землꙗ вь бльгари́ю да ю поразꙋт ҆и да ю ҆ѡбе́рꙋть | Zogr. 43 (10r): puštili ixъ iti dva reda prez nixna zemla | |
| 355: | но за себе по вели́ко ѕло сотвори́ли | |
| 356: | ѡбте́клї ги́ тꙋрци ѿ вьсꙋдꙋ | |
| 357: | тако̀ после ҆и ни́хь порази́ли | |
| 358: | ҆и ҆ѡбрáли | |
| 359: | ҆и погази́ли ги | |
| 360: | вь грь́чески кнїги пи́сано како̀ да сꙋ сáми ши́шмáнь ҆и страшѝмирь призвáли тꙋрци на бльгари́ю ҆еди́нь нá дрꙋги | |
| 361: | но тꙋрци вастáли на ҆ѡба ҆ихь | |
| 362: | ҆и ꙋзели ѿ ни́хь бльгари́ю | |
| 363: | то | |
| сꙋ грь́ци писáли | No auxilla in Zogr. 43 | |
| 364: | но не́ сть тако ҆истина | |
| 365: | ҆ѡнѝ покривáють своѐ де́ло лꙋкáвое | |
| 366: | ҆испрьво тáко написáли ле́топи́хци нихни | |
| 367: | но рꙋ́ски ҆и московцкї печатени ҆исторїй, показꙋють ҆изве́сно како е цр҃ь грьчески манꙋйль призвáль тꙋрцї | |
| 368: | ҆издáль цр͒тво бль́гарско на, тꙋрци ꙋ рꙋке | |
| 369: | ҆и пꙋщил͛ ги презь мо́ре ҆и по сꙋхо на бльгари́ю | |
| 370: | тáко ҆ѡстáла ҆испрьво брáнь на, бльгари́ю | |
| чре́зь ҆и на цр҃а ши́шмана | Zogr. 43: črezъ grci | |
| 371: | то҆ꙗ́ цр҃ь шишмань ҆иѡ҆ань седе́ль ҆и цр͒твꙋвáль ꙋ трь́ново | |
| се́дмь го́дини | Ivan Shishman ruled from 1371 to 1393 (or 1388, when he was practically removed from Tarnovo), but by Paisius' chronology in 1363-1370. | |
| 372: | ҆и били поче́ли вь то́й вре́ме бль́гарско да | Zogr. 43 (47r): i bili počeli vъ to vreme vъ trnovo bolgari štampati knigi bolgarskie |
| щáнпать кни́ги бо́лгарски | The curious remark about printed books under Ivan Shishman may be based on George Crnojević, the last lord of Zeta (1490-1496), where a printing press was operated by Božidar Vuković, who later continued publishing in Venice. On the other hand, reigns of both Alexander and Shishman are famous for literature too. | |
| 373: | ҆и неколи́ко кни́ги би́ли ҆изь҆ишлѝ на щан͛па ѿ ҆онова вре́ме | |
| 374: | ҆и до сь́га нахо́дат се евглїа на ко́жи щан͛пани | |
| 375: | вь то време, не сꙋ билѝ чл҃ве́ци хи́три на тá҆ꙗ́ рабо́та | |
| 376: | нь сꙋ билѝ | |
| про́сти(ю) извади́ли ҆и сло́ва ҆и ре́чи | Zogr. 43: prosto The final -и is extended with a circle. | |
| 377: | тако̀ ҆и рꙋси ҆испрьво не билѝ ҆искꙋснїй | |
| 378: | нь про́сто щан͛пали кни́ги | |
| 379: | но сега разꙋме́ли ҆и извести́ли ҆и речи ҆и сло́ва по грамати́кꙋ | |
| 380: | ҆и ле́по нареди́ли писме́на ҆и ꙋкраси́ли, | |
| 381: | ► За то́го цр҃а шишмáна ҆иѡ҆ана не име́ють ҆изве́стно | |
| пи́сано | Zogr. 43: pisato (sic) | |
| что се сáсь него ꙋчинѝ | Zogr. 43: čto s nimъ bilo | |
| 382: | ҆или го ꙋби́ли тꙋр͛ци вь то вре́ме | |
| 383: | ҆или поживел за неколи́ко вре́ме по́сле, | |
| 384: | ҆И нахо́ди се ва стáро вре́ме како̀ то҆ꙗ́ шишмáнь їѡ҆ань ҆и трь́новски гд͒ре не сꙋ мо́гли да сѐ ҆ѡпрать на мꙋрáта цр҃а тꙋрскаго | Zogr. 43: vъ nekoe kopie ili prevodъ stari ot prevelegna togo ioana šišmana obretaet se kako da ne su mogli trnovski gospodi i c-rъ šišmanъ stati protivo turci Ivanov: Po-kăsno v njakoj prepis ili star prevod na gramotata na toja Ioan Šišman se namira... |
| 385: | нь иззбе́гли ис трь́ново ҆и ѿ заго́рие ҆и ѿ стáрꙋ плáнинꙋ | |
| 386: | ҆и пришли вь град среде́ць ҆и на софи́а | Likely referring to Shishman's retreat to Nicopolis. |
| 387: | ҆и тꙋ се запре́ли на не́кой тесни ме́ста по краи ҆искарь рекꙋ ҆и по вито́ша горà | |
| 388: | тако̀ ҆имали помощь ѿ срь́бие ҆и ѿ крал҆ꙗ́ вꙋкоши́на ҆и ѿ ҆охритски бль́гаре | |
| 389: | ҆и за, се́дмь годи́ни седе́ль цр҃ь шишмáнь ꙋ грáдь средец | |
| 390: | ҆и по крáи ҆искарь ҆ималь монасти́рь | |
| 391: | зовáл се ꙋрвичь | |
| 392: | ҆и биль грáдь тврьд | |
| 393: | ҆и ѿ na ʾѡколе водà ҆ѡбходи́ла | |
| 394: | ҆и тáко с мáло войскꙋ ҆и трьнов͛ски господáре тꙋ преживе́ли | |
| 395: | ҆и кри́ли се, ѿ тꙋрци | |
| 396: | ҆á коги ꙋзе́ли тꙋрци ѿ, крал҆ꙗ́ вокоши́на ҆ѡͯрит͛ска земл҆ꙗ́ ҆á то ҆ѡбрáли ҆и порази́ли ҆и надви́ли, коньчно потреби́ли свѐ до кон͛ца, | Paisius refers to the battle of Chernomen (1371), in which Turks defeated a large army led by Vukašin Mrnjačević, conquering Macedonia. Shishman actually took the throne at the time and did not participate in the battle, as mentioned above. |
| 397: | но ҆и ꙋмори́ли цр҃а шишмáна ҆и воин͛ство ҆и гд͒ре трь́нов͛ски ҆и бль́гарьски | |
| 398: | ҆и све тꙋ конь́чно тꙋрци затрїхꙋ бль́гарски наро́дь | |
| 399: | зато ҆и д҆ѡ сьга по ти́а ме́ста находат͛ се ськрови́ща | |
| 400: | вь ҆ѡнїꙗ времена чл҃веци кри́ли ҆и закопꙋвáли ꙋ землю ѿ страха тꙋрскаго ҆и злáго ҆и погáна наро́да | |
| 401: | после ҆изги́нꙋли | |
| 402: | ҆и ҆ѡстало ҆имение ꙋ зе́млю ни́хно мло́го | |
| 403: | сташи-мирь брáть шишмáновь пребе́галь вь мол͛довлахи́ю | Sratsimir continued to rule Vidin until 1396. His soldiers likely participated in the battle of Nicopolis. Vidin was conquered shortly afterwards and Sratsimir was captured, vanishing from historical records. Many other prominent Bulgarians, e.g. George Tsamblak, found refuge in Moldova. |
| 404: | ҆и тамо поживел до самрь́ть .:. | |
| 405: | Тако́вь коне́ць на цр҃ие бль́гарьски | |
| 406: | ҆и славно ҆име ни́хно що ҆има-ли ҆испрь́во како́ се написà вь сїю кни́жицꙋ ҆истори́цꙋ | |
| 407: | ҆ѡ какво прейшли бль́гаре дꙋнавь ҆и населили́ се ꙋ тракїю ҆и ꙋ македо́на ҆и ꙋ ҆илири́ка не́коа стрáна | |
| 408: | подрьжáли свое цр҃ьство | |
| 409: | ҆и | |
| дрьжáло е цр͒тво бльгарьско за де́веть стотинь ҆и ѡсмь десеть | Zogr. 43: predržali (no auxilla) | |
| го́дини .:. | The hypothetical date of founding (390 AD) is not mentioned above, but it falls into reign of Emperor Theodosius (379-395), who, according to Paisius, made peace with Bulgars and Goths. | |
| 410: | После когѝ насили́ли че́да ҆áгарини ҆исмайлеви ҆и попꙋщиль бг҃ь тꙋркомь ҆и млого цр͒тва ҆ѿьвнꙋли ҆и посвойли тоги́ва ҆и цр͒тво бль́гарьское коне́ць восприе҅ло | |
| 411: | ҆и паднáло подь во́лю ҆агаре́н͛скою .:. | |
| 412: | Нахо́ди се вь некою краткою ҆исторїю немь́чкою по ре́дꙋ за тꙋрски цр҃ове кои́ по кое́го цр͒твꙋвáль | |
| 413: | ҆и писано, тꙋ за мꙋрáта сꙋлтáна | |
| 414: | когѝ ꙋзель бльгар͛ска землꙗ̀ мло́го наро́дь, млáди ҆юноши ҆и хꙋбави ҆избирáль | The ʺshort German chronicleʺ surely refers to the institution of devşirme or 'blood tax', imposed on Christian populations of Rumelia. In early years, it was aimed primarily at nobility. |
| 415: | ҆и сась силꙋ ги лови́ль ҆и сабирáль ꙋ едренѐ | |
| 416: | ҆и писꙋвáл ги ҆ꙗ́ни́чари ꙋ тꙋрское войнство | |
| 417: | ҆и тꙋрчи́л ги сáсь силꙋ | |
| 418: | тако чл҃веци вь ѡно́ва време ҆имáли скрь́бь на скрьбь ҆и жалость на жáлость | |
| 419: | плакáли гор͛ко ҆и ж҆áлостно по своѐ цр͒тво бль́гар͛ское | |
| 420: | тако ҆и по сво́й чеда мт҃ри ҆и ҆оц҃и них͛ни ҆и сро́дници ҆имали не | |
| ꙋте́шное ридáнїе ҆и вьздихáнїе | Zogr. 43: ne+utešimoe | |
| 421: | ҆и било́ | |
| е нá ҆ѡнїа чл҃ве́ци вь ҆ѡно́ва вре́ме вели́ка тꙋга ҆и жáлость подь тꙋр͛ска дрьжáва | No auxilla in Zogr. 43 | |
| 422: | ҆избирали ко҆и сꙋ билѝ хꙋбави ме́ста | |
| 423: | подсвойли ги | |
| 424: | ҆избирáли кои́ сꙋ хꙋ́бави цр҃кви | |
| 425: | ҆и ҆ѡбращáли ги на џамїй | |
| 426: | тако̀ ҆и ѿ҆имали ме́ста цр҃ко́вни ҆и монасти́рски ѿ хр͒ти҆ане ҆и вели́ки до́мове ҆и ни́ви ҆и лозиа ҆и при́лични гради́ни ҆и ме́ста | |
| 427: | гдѐ що хоте́ли ꙋзе́ли | |
| 428: | ҆и | |
| прь́ви начел͛ници хри́стиӑне ꙋбивáли | Zogr. 43: prvi i načelni xristiani | |
| 429: | ҆и ꙋзимáли ҆именїе ѿ ни́хь | |
| 430: | тако̀ ҆и ѡни прь́ви родь при́ кой се ꙋзело цр͒тво бль́га҆рское ҆имали вели́ка скрь́бь ҆и жáлость ҆и плач | |
| 431: | догде пре́ишль ҆ѡни́ прьви ро́дь чловеци ҆á после́дни ро́дь навикнꙋ́ли се по мало сáсь тꙋрци да, живе́ють | |
| 432: | тáко ҆и тꙋрци ҆испрьво билѝ лакоми, ҆и вели́ки граби́теле .:. | |
| 433: | ҆И коги́ се ꙋкрепи́ли на цр͒тво царѝград͛ское наꙋчи́ли се ѿ наꙋка хр͒ти҆áн͛ска҆ꙗ́ | |
| 434: | ҆и неколи́ко престáли | |
| 435: | ҆и ꙋкроти́ли се | |
| 436: | ҆и не ҆ѡбирáли ве́че на хр͒тиани ҆именїе них͛но | Zogr. 43: ustideli se poxištati bezъs[t]udno věšti xirstięnskie i imenie ixъ |
| 437: | нь паки ҆ѡка҆ꙗнї ҆и до товà вре́ме не ҆имеють никаква прáвда ни́ сꙋдь .:. | Zogr. 43: no paki okaęni vъ sie vreme ne imejutъ nikakva pravda ni sudъ |
| 438: | Зде́ потре́бно сьвькꙋпи́ти зае́дно ҆имена крáлѡмь ҆и | |
| цр҃овемь бльгарьскимь коли́ко се ҆ѡбретáють ҆и ко́й по кого́ е цр͒твꙋвáль | sic | |
| 439: | ·а· крáль вꙋкичь | Legendary king. Should have fought Franks in 408 AD and imposed tax on Emperor Anastasius (491-518; Zogr. 43:12r). |
| 440: | ·в· крáль драги́чь | Legendary king, brother of Vukich. Should have assumed the throne in 495 AD. |
| 441: | ·г· крал бори́сь | Legendary king, successor of Dragich. Should have defeated and captured Theoderic, king of Magyars (the Great of Goths, 493-526?) at the time of Emperor Justin (518-527; Zogr. 43:12v). Omitted by Punčo in the main text. |
| 442: | ·д· крáль батоꙗ си́л͛ни ҆и юначни | Probably Asparukh (681-701). According to Paisius, he should have ruled from 678 or the time of Sixth Ecumenical Council (680-681), and fought a war with Justinian II (probably only first reign: 685-695; Zogr. 43:12v). |
| 443: | ·е· крáль ст҃и тривели́҆ꙗ́ | Tervel (700-721). According to Paisius he restored Justinian II to his throne (in 705). Should have converted to Christianity in 703 AD (Zogr. 43:15r). |
| 444: | ·ѕ· крáль тербáль синь три́велї҆инь | Not mentioned in the main text. Probably just another spelling of Tervel's name. Dobrev (1995) in his analysis of a corrupted entry in Nominalia adds a khan Tviremik after Tervel, with a reference to Paisius. |
| 445: | ·з· крáль моисе́й си́нь три́велїинь | Not mentioned in the main text. Moisei was a name of one of the Cometopuli, who died in a battle in 977 in Serres. |
| 446: | на седмь кралѡ́ве ҆имена пи́сани | |
| 447: | ҆и находꙋт се ҆и до дне́сь | |
| 448: | Зде ре́че се вь крат͛це за крáлове бль́гарскїа, | |
| 449: | да ре́чемь ҆и за цр҃ие коли́ко сꙋ билѝ | |
| 450: | прь́ви цр҃ь ҆áсень бльгáрски | Also based on Khan Tervel. According to Paisius (Zogr. 43:16r), Emperor Leo (III) Isaurian gave the imperial crown to Asen for his support against Arabs. It was likely Tervel, who helped Byzantines against Arabs, but he received the title kaisar (not 'emperor', but more a 'viceroy' of basileus) earlier - from Justinian II, after he helped him regain his throne in 705. |
| 451: | ·в· цр҃ь добри́ца | Likely Vinekh (756-762). According to Paisius (Zogr. 43:16v), he should have been a contemporary of Leo III (717-741), but also should have defeated Byzantine invasion, only to be murdered by boyars afterwards - the story seems to reflect context of the battle of Veregava (759). |
| 452: | ·г· цр҃ь телезви́а | Telets (762-765). Paisius (Zogr. 43:17r) considers him a contemporary of Constantine V called Kopronimъ ('Dung-Named'), whom he attacked, but was defeated at Anchialos (763). and deposed by boyars. |
| 453: | ·д· цр҃ь саби́нь | Sabin (765-766; Zogr. 43:17r). |
| 454: | ·е· цр҃ь сꙋботи́нь | In Paisius' text (Zogr. 43:24v), Subotin succeeds Seleucis during the turbulent 970s. Both names are otherwise known only from Orbini. |
| 455: | ·ѕ· цр҃ь тагáнь | Pagan (767-768; Zogr. 43:17v). |
| 456: | ·з· цр҃ь телери́кь | Telerig (768-777; Zogr. 43:17v). |
| 457: | ·и· цр҃ь кардáмь | Kardam (777-803; Zogr. 43:19r). |
| 458: | ·ѳ· цр҃ь кр҃ꙋнь | Krum (803-814; Zogr. 43:19r). |
| 459: | ·ı· цр҃ь михáйль | Based on Omurtag (indicated by his original name Murtagonъ, 814-831) and Boris I, who was baptized as Michael (852-889). Paisius considers him a brother of Krum (Zogr. 43:21r, 50v). |
| 460: | ·аı· цр҃ь симе́ѡˇнь | Simeon I (893-921), called Simeonъ Labasъ by Paisius (Zogr. 43:24r). |
| 461: | ·вı· цр҃ь пе́трь | Peter I (927-969; Zogr. 43:26v). |
| 462: | ·гı· цр҃ь бори́сь | Boris II (969-971; Zogr. 43:27v). |
| 463: | ·дı· цр҃ь селе́вкїа | The name appears first in Orbini's book. Perhaps based on Nicholas, father of Cometopuli Brothers, lord of Serdica in 970s. Should have been succeeded by Subotin (Zogr. 43:24r). |
| 464: | ·еı· цр҃ь двыд | David of the Cometopuli (976). The account (Zogr. 43:24v) is more likely based on Roman, son of Peter I (977-991), who abdicated in favor of Samuel. |
| 465: | ·ѕı· цр҃ь само́йль | Samuel (997-1014; Zogr. 43:24v). |
| 466: | ·зı· цр҃ь радоми́рь | Gavril Radomir (1014-1015; Zogr. 43:25v). |
| 467: | ·иı· цр҃ь ст҃ı ҆иѡӑнь | Ivan Vladislav (1015-1018), called Ioan Vladimir by Paisius (Zogr. 43:25v). |
| 468: | ·ѳı· цр҃ь долáнь | Peter Delyan, leader of a short-lived uprising for the restoration of Bulgaria in 1040-1041 (Zogr. 43:26v). |
| 469: | ·к· цр҃ь ҆áлꙋсиань | Alusian, a contemporary of Delyan (Zogr. 43:27r). Paisius also mentions Tixomirъ, another contender for the throne, killed by Delyan in 1041. |
| 470: | ·ка· цр҃ь ҆асе́нь | Ivan Asen I (1186-1196; Zogr. 43:27v). |
| 471: | ·кв· цр҃ь петрь вто́ри | Peter Asen, co-ruling with Ivan Asen I (Zogr. 43:31v). |
| 472: | ·кг· цр҃ь ҆иѡан калиман | Based on Kaloyan (1196-1207), son of Asen, and Ivan Asen II (1218-1241), Kaloyan's nephew (Zogr. 43:31v). |
| 473: | ·кд· цр҃ь сми́лець | Based on Mitso (or Mičo) Asen (1256-1257), predecessor of Constantine, and Smilets (ruling 1292-1298). Paisius identifies the two explicitly (Zogr. 43:33v). |
| 474: | ·ке· цр҃ь бори́ль | Boril, successor of Kaloyan (1207-1218). In Paisius' text (Zogr. 43:33v), Boril succeeds Ioanъ-Kalimanъ, preceding Smilets. |
| 475: | ·кѕ· цр҃ь кон͛стáнди́нь | Constantine, called Asen or Tix 'the Silent' (1257-1277). Paisius (Zogr. 43:33v) calls him Konstantinъ Šišmanъ, placing his reign after Smilets in the main text. However, House of Shishman rose to power in Vidin first in early 14th century. |
| 476: | ·кз· цр҃ь лагáнь | Also known as Ivaylo, leader of a peasant uprising against Constantine in 1278 (Zogr. 43:40v). The name goes back to his Greek nickname lakhanas 'cabbage'. |
| 477: | ·ки· цр҃ь иѡан трети | Ivan Asen III, son of Mitso Asen, one of the contenders for the throne after the death of Constantine in 1270s. At the time he was a Byzantine vassal in Troas, trying to press his claim by allying with Ivaylo. Paisius (Zogr. 43:41r) considers him the rightful successor. |
| 478: | ·кѳ· цр҃ь петрь трети | Based on George Terter (ruling 1280-1292), who fought as an ally of Ivan Asen III against Ivaylo. Paisius (Zogr. 43:41v) mentions him as neki baronъ petrъ, who deposed John III and later defeated an invasion of Nogai Khan, only to be expelled later by his boyars, dying in exile. After Ivan Asen's flight and the latter's death, he took the throne for himself. He was likely deposed by Nogai and replaced by Smilets. Unlike in Paisius' story, he returned to Bulgaria alive during the reign of his son Svetoslav. |
| 479: | ·л· цр҃ь светослáвь | Svetoslav, son of George Terter I (1300-1322). Paisius (Zogr. 43:41v) describes Svetoslav as a ʺskilled commanderʺ (iskusnago vъ branexъ), contending for throne with Michael II. Victorious first, after executing Patriarch Ioakim he was deposed and killed in exile. Historical Svetoslav ruled up to his death. |
| 480: | ·ла· цр҃ь михáйль втори | Michael Shishman (1323-1330). According to Paisius (Zogr. 43:41v), Michael is first defeated by Svetoslav, but is elected Emperor after the latter's expulsion. Historically, he was raised to a rank of despot by Svetoslav and was elected a tsar after the death of his childless son George II. Paisius' story is probably influenced by Michael (II), son of Constantine Asen, who fought Svetoslav with Byzantine aid. |
| 481: | ·лв· цр҃ь ҆алеѯандр | Ivan Alexander (1331-1371). Paisius' account (Zogr. 43:43r) is included in Punčo's text. |
| 482: | ·лг· цр҃ь ҆иѡ҆ань шишмань | Ivan Shishman (1371-1393; Zogr. 43:45r). |
| 483: | по ҆алеѯан͛дра ҆о́ц҃а сво́его̀ цр͒твꙋвáль | |
| 484: | до цр҃а шишмáна поселдн҆ꙗ́го ҆и догдѐ ꙋзехꙋ тꙋрци царство бльг͒арское ҆и до ле́то ·҂ато· .прешли ·лг· цр҃ве богар͛ски | |
| 485: | ҆и на, си́нове цр͒ки кои не сꙋ били́ цр҃ве, но тако̀ писáли ҆имена них͛ни писцї цр҃ь, цр҃ь, цр҃ь, | |
| 486: | нь сви те синове цр͒ки не сꙋ цр͒твꙋвали | |
| 487: | нь некои цр҃и ҆и не писали ҆имена | Zogr. 43: na nekoi c-ri i ne+pisali imena nekoi ot nixъ |
| 488: | защо не сꙋ билѝ, сви те бл҃гочт͒и́ви | |
| 489: | ҆и цр҃ь крꙋнь би́ль не чести́вь | |
| 490: | ҆и после се покр͒тиль на, трь́ново | Zogr. 43: ot mixaila io[a]na prvago blagočestivago c-ra brata krunova kako se krstilъ vъ trnovo svi bili blagočestivi |
| 491: | ҆и сви бл҃гочести́ви | |
| 492: | ѿ него се повле́клѡ пле́ме ҆и цр҃ие бл҃гѡчести́ви бль́гарскиа | |
| 493: | вь начале би́ль нáй сил͛ни ҆и знамени́ть бато҆ꙗ́ крал | |
| 494: | ҆и ꙋ цр҃ие биль наи сил͛ни ҆и най юнакь крꙋнь цр҃ь | |
| 495: | то́й най мнѡго порáзил грь́ци | |
| 496: | ҆и ѡплени́ ги ҆ꙗ́ко-же ҆и писано ҆есть вь ҆истори́ю .:. | |
| 497: | [===] сїѧ предисловї҆ꙗ́ сапїса се да се́ ҆имать знати ѿ коѐ вре́ме воспри́ꙗли бльгаре ст͒ое кр҃щенїе вь коѐ ле́то | Here begins the section concerning baptism of Orthodox Slavic peoples (Zogr. 43:52v). The first sentence is Punčo's. |
| 498: | А здѐ вь крат͛це ре́щи ҆и за рꙋсїа | |
| 499: | ҆ѡлга книги́на рꙋсїиска҆ꙗ́ прїела кр҃щенїе вь ле́то ·цни· | |
| 500: | ҆á сш҃теници ҆имали грь́ческиа а не славен͛ски | |
| 501: | не ꙋме҆ꙗ́ли рꙋсїи, тогдà никáко читáти славе́ньски | |
| 502: | по́сле влади́мирь кне́зь рꙋси́ски прие́ль кш҃тенїе вь ле́то | |
| ·҂ан· | Zogr. 43 (58v): *#ai* (1008) | |
| 503: | како ве́сь наро́дь рꙋсїиски ҆и моско́вски кр͒ти́ли се тꙋ | |
| 504: | ҆изьвесно, ҆есть како бль́гаре предь рꙋсиа ҆и предь москов͛скаго народа по напред се кр͒ти́ли | |
| 505: | тоги́ва ҆и весь наро́дь мáло ҆и вели́ко воспри҆ꙗ́ли всеро́дное кр҃щенїе | |
| 506: | тáко ҆и писме́на ҆и кни́ги славе́нскиа произидо́ша вь чте́нїе | |
| 507: | [бол͛гари во́спри҆али кр҃щенїе вь лето | Written beneath the last line in red letters. According to Paisius, Bulgars were baptized 153 years before the Rus (i.e. in 845), cf. Zogr. 43 (58v): izvěstno estъ kako bolgari prežde rusięnskago i moskovskago naroda za *rng* lěta prieli vъsenarodno krštenie |
| ·рнг·] | Paisius writes (Zogr. 43:57r), that Constantine-Cyrill was invited by Murtagonъ (whom he identifies with later Boris-Michael) as a painter. Sadly, Punčo did not include the story. Historically, Boris I was baptized by Byzantines in 864, as a conclusion of a peace treaty. The Councils of Constantinople in 867 and 870 recognized the Archbishopric of Pliska. | |
| 508: | ҆á за срьбие пише како сꙋ били подь папа рим͛скаго | |
| 509: | ҆и римьска вера дрьжáли | |
| 510: | никáко не ймать писано ни ꙋ лати́ни ни ꙋ грь́чески летопихци за срь́бие ꙋ кое време кр͒ти́ли ги римл҆ꙗ́не | According to Constantine Porphyrogenitus, Serbs were settled in Illyria by Emperor Heraclius (610-641) and consequently baptized by a Roman mission, but the story is dubious. Prince Mutimir (850-891) was baptized in 870. The bishopric of Braničevo is first attested in 878. |
| 511: | но да рече́мь | |
| 512: | вь лето ·҂арл· неманїа кне́зь срьб͛ски прї҆ꙗ́ль ст҃ое кр҃щенїе | Stefan Nemanja (ruling 1166-1196) was born in Ribnitsa in Zeta, which was Catholic at the time. |
| 513: | но не весь наро́дь срьб͛ски | |
| 514: | но мáло народь, | |
| 515: | По́сле ст҃и сава ҆áрхиеп͒копь си́нь неманїевь вь ле́то ·҂арч· ҆ѡбратиль ве́сь наро́дь на правослáвною ве́рꙋ | |
| 516: | тако̀ ҆и срьбїе после ѿ бльгáре кр͒тихꙋ се | |
| 517: | тако бль́гарскї наро́дь по напредь ꙋзе́ли православною верꙋ хр͒тиан͛скою ѿ вьси слав҆ꙗ́не | |
| 518: | Вьнемлѝ зде ҆ѡпáснѡ, [†] читáтелю да помни́ши | Zogr. 43 (60r): vъnemli zde opasno čitatelu da pomnišъ vъ koe vreme postavili bolgarskie carii sebe patriarxa vъ trnovo [...] Paisius continues here to tell about the establishment of the Patriarchate by Simeon I, which is omitted by Punčo (or his source), continuing at 61v. |
| 519: | [† за грьчески владици] | The cross refers to a place on previous page. In the omitted section Paisius argues, that Bulgars did not mingle in Church matters on conquered Greek territories, like Greeks do under Turkish rule, removing education in Bulgarian. Patriarchate of Tarnovo was subordinated to Constantinople by the Ottomans already in 15th century, and Greek archbishops were installed there. Soon after Paisius wrote his Chronicle, Slavonic archbishoprics of Ohrid and Peć were abolished too (1767). |
| 520: | та҆ꙗ́ вина бльгáромь ѿ грь́ческаꙗ дꙋховна влáсть приходить | Zogr. 43 (61v): [zato su ostali bolgari prosti i neučeni iskusno pisanie i mnogo sě ot nixъ obratili na grčaska politika i učenie i za svoe učenie i jazikъ slabo brěžatъ] taja vina bolgaromъ ot grčeska duxovna vlastъ prixoditъ |
| 521: | ҆и много наси́лїе не прáведно трьпáть ѿ грьчески влдци ва ти́а вре́мена | |
| 522: | но бль́гаре прїима ги бл҃го́говено | |
| 523: | ҆и почитáют ги за ҆ар͛хиере́й | |
| 524: | ҆и сꙋгꙋбо плащáють имь дль́жное, | |
| 525: | зато по них͛на простотà ҆и незлобие воспрїимꙋть ѿ бг҃а м͛здꙋ | |
| 526: | тако ҆и ѡни ҆áрхиере́й сась тꙋрска си́ла насилꙋють ҆á не сáсь, ҆áр͛хиерейское прáвило | |
| 527: | тво́рать бль́гаромь вели́ка ҆ѡби́да ҆и наси́лие | |
| 528: | ҆и ѡнѝ по своѐ дело ҆и безьслове́стїе воспрїймꙋть м͛здꙋ, свою̀ ѿ бг҃а по рече́номꙋ | |
| 529: | ҆ꙗ́ко ти́ воздаси комꙋ́ждо по дело́мь | Ps 61:13 (LXX) |
| ҆егѡ̀, | Here ends the text as attested in Zogr. 43. The digital edition by University of Sofia continues with the text from the transcript of Kotel (NBKM 368). Punčo takes only a very small part, comparable with that on page 83r of that source. | |
| 530: | но ҆áзь вь крáтце напи́сахь зде коли́ко сьвькꙋпи́хь вси вкꙋпе вь сїю ҆истори́ю | |
| 531: | ҆и скончáхь рече́наꙗ на ползꙋ ро́дꙋ бльгарьскомꙋ | |
| 532: | вь слáвꙋ ҆и похвалꙋ гд͒ꙋ нáшемꙋ ҆иıс͒ꙋ хр͒тꙋ | |
| 533: | ҆емꙋже слáва ҆и во ве́ки всегдà веко́вь | |
| 534: | ҆áминь |